Introduction to Coronet Nighthawk
The TWZ Newsletter provides weekly insights and analysis on the latest developments in military technology, strategy, and foreign policy. Recently, the deployment of 10 F-35s to Puerto Rico as part of a growing counter-narcotics mission aimed at Venezuela has drawn attention. This move is not unprecedented, as a similar mission was undertaken by the U.S. military in the 1990s, known as Coronet Nighthawk.
Background of Coronet Nighthawk
Coronet Nighthawk was a counterdrug operation that began in the early 1990s, employing fighter aircraft to patrol the skies of Central America and the Caribbean to detect suspected drug-running aircraft. The main facility for this mission was Howard Air Force Base in Panama, with assets eventually rotating into other airfields in the Caribbean and Central America.
Mission Overview
The mission was initially undertaken by Air Combat Command before transitioning to the Air National Guard. Fighters were on 24/7 alert to intercept possible drug-trafficking aircraft and provide overwatch to dissuade such flights. Upon receiving coordinates of a suspect flight, fighters were expected to scramble within 15 minutes and investigate.
Aircraft Involved
F-15s and F-16s were involved in Coronet Nighthawk, with an example of the former pictured in a 1993 incident. These fighters were used for their advanced sensors and speed, making them ideal for intercepting and tracking suspect aircraft.
Mission Success
The mission was successful in reducing the percentage of drugs transported by air in the region from 75% in the early 1990s to 25% by the time it ended. Between September 1994 and the end of the decade, Coronet Nighthawk fighters were credited with disrupting or seizing over 33,000 metric tons of cocaine.
Current Developments
The current deployment of F-35s to Puerto Rico has parallels with Coronet Nighthawk, as it aims to counter narcotics coming out of Central and South America. However, the situation has evolved, with most drugs now being moved on the surface of the water rather than by air. Modern fighters, like the F-35, have more powerful radars and electro-optical systems, enabling them to detect and investigate targets on the surface quickly.
Role of MQ-9 Reaper Drones
MQ-9 Reaper drones have also been involved in counter-narcotics missions, offering the ability to loiter for over 24 hours over a target and carry a variety of missiles and sensors. While they are ideal for surveillance, they cannot respond as rapidly as a fighter.
Conclusion
Coronet Nighthawk was a successful military effort to stop the flow of drugs into the country from Central and South America. The current deployment of F-35s to Puerto Rico, while part of a broader strategy, draws parallels with this mission. As the situation in the region continues to evolve, the use of advanced military assets like the F-35 and MQ-9 Reaper drones will remain crucial in counter-narcotics efforts.